Who is a Good Candidate for Uterine Fibroid Embolization?

Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. While they are often asymptomatic, some women experience debilitating symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, or frequent urination. Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) offers an effective solution for women seeking a minimally invasive treatment option. But who is a good candidate for this procedure? Let’s explore.

What Is Uterine Fibroid Embolization?

Uterine fibroid embolization is a minimally invasive procedure performed by interventional radiologists. It involves blocking the blood supply to fibroids, causing them to shrink and eventually die. UFE is an alternative to surgical treatments such as hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) or myomectomy (surgical removal of fibroids).

The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia or mild sedation. Using imaging technology, a catheter is inserted into the femoral artery and guided to the uterine arteries. Tiny particles are then injected to block blood flow to the fibroids while preserving the surrounding uterine tissue.

Who Should Consider UFE?

Uterine fibroid embolization is an excellent option for women who want to manage their fibroids without major surgery. However, not every patient is a suitable candidate. Here are the primary factors that make a good candidate for the procedure:

1. Women with Symptomatic Fibroids

UFE is primarily recommended for women experiencing moderate to severe symptoms caused by fibroids, such as:

• Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
• Pelvic pain or pressure.
• Frequent urination due to fibroids pressing on the bladder.
• Constipation or difficulty with bowel movements.
• Pain during sexual intercourse.

If your symptoms significantly impact your quality of life, UFE could be a life-changing treatment option.

2. Women Seeking a Minimally Invasive Option

UFE is ideal for patients who prefer to avoid major surgery and its associated risks, such as long recovery times or complications from general anesthesia. The procedure is performed through a small incision, often allowing patients to return to normal activities within a week.

3. Women Who Want to Preserve Their Uterus

Unlike a hysterectomy, UFE preserves the uterus. While UFE does not guarantee fertility, it may be a better option for women who wish to keep open the possibility of future pregnancies or for personal reasons. 

4. Women with Multiple Fibroids

UFE is effective for treating multiple fibroids simultaneously, regardless of their size or location. This is especially beneficial for women with numerous fibroids, as removing each surgically (via myomectomy) can be more invasive.

Who Is Not a Good Candidate for UFE?

While UFE is a versatile treatment option, it may not be suitable for everyone. Here are some reasons you might not be a good candidate for UFE: 

1. Asymptomatic Fibroids

Women with fibroids that do not cause symptoms typically do not require treatment, including UFE. In these cases, a “watchful waiting” approach is often recommended.

2. Pregnancy

UFE is not performed on pregnant women, as it can interfere with pregnancy and harm the developing fetus.

3. Active Pelvic Infections

UFE is not recommended for women with untreated pelvic infections, as the procedure could worsen the condition or increase the risk of complications.

4. Uterine or Endometrial Cancer

Women diagnosed with uterine or endometrial cancer are not candidates for UFE, as the procedure is not designed to treat cancerous growths. In these cases, oncological treatment is the priority.

What Are the Benefits of UFE?

For eligible candidates, uterine fibroid embolization offers numerous benefits:

• Minimally Invasive: No large incisions, shorter recovery times, and reduced risks compared to open surgery.
• No Hospital Stay – Most patients can return home the same day, avoiding the need for an extended hospital stay.
• Lower Complication Rates – Compared to traditional procedures like hysterectomy or myomectomy, UFE carries fewer risks and complications.
• Quick Recovery: Most women can resume daily activities within a week or two, compared to six weeks or more for surgical procedures.
• Effective Symptom Relief: Studies show that up to 90% of women experience significant improvement in symptoms after UFE.
• Preservation of the Uterus: UFE allows women to keep their uterus intact without having to go through invasive surgery to remove it. 

What to Expect During and After UFE

The Procedure:

1. Preparation: Patients undergo imaging tests, such as an MRI or ultrasound, to assess the size, number, and location of fibroids.
2. Procedure: The interventional radiologist accesses the uterine arteries through a small incision, injecting embolic particles to block blood flow to the fibroids.
3. Duration: The procedure typically takes one to two hours.

Recovery:

• Patients may experience mild to moderate cramping and fatigue for a few days after the procedure.
• Over-the-counter or prescription pain medications can manage discomfort.
• Most women return to work and normal activities within one to two weeks. 

Long-Term Results:

• Fibroids shrink over several months, leading to gradual symptom relief.
• Regular follow-ups ensure the procedure’s success and monitor for any complications.

Questions to Ask Your Doctor

If you are considering UFE, having an open conversation with your specialist is important. Here are some questions to ask your doctor: 

• Am I a good candidate for UFE based on my symptoms and medical history?
• How will UFE impact my fertility and reproductive health?
• What are the potential risks and complications of UFE?
• How does UFE compare to other treatment options, such as myomectomy or hysterectomy?
• What kind of recovery can I expect after the procedure?

Consult With a Specialist at American Fibroid Centers 

Uterine fibroid embolization is a safe and effective treatment for women seeking relief from fibroid-related symptoms. It offers a minimally invasive alternative to surgery while preserving the uterus, making it a better option for many women.If you are struggling with fibroids and wondering if UFE is right for you, consult with an interventional radiologist at American Fibroid Centers to discuss your options. By understanding your symptoms, health goals, and personal preferences, you can make an informed decision about the best course of treatment. Schedule an appointment today!