Which Size of Fibroids is Dangerous?

Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous tumors that grow in or on the walls of the uterus. Fibroids can appear as single tumors or in clusters, and their size can vary dramatically, categorized as either small, medium, or large. For patients who suspect they might have a uterine fibroid, understanding the differences in size and their potential health risks is crucial for seeking the appropriate care. In this blog, we’ll explore how fibroid size is diagnosed, the health risks associated with each size, and signs that indicate when it’s time to seek help from a medical professional.

How are Fibroids Measured?

Uterine fibroids are diagnosed and measured using imaging techniques to help doctors determine their size and location. In most cases, ultrasounds are a reliable and safe way to look for uterine fibroids. However, in some cases, ultrasounds may not provide a complete picture. In such situations, doctors will likely use MRIs, which offer a detailed view and allow for a more accurate analysis of the fibroid.

Different Sizes of Fibroids

Fibroids come in various sizes, and medical professionals use a classification system to determine the appropriate treatment. Here’s a breakdown of the different fibroid sizes and their potential health risks.

Small Fibroids

Size: Less than 1-5 cm (roughly the size of a seed to a golf ball)

Health Risks: Small fibroids are typically considered harmless, which means they are unlikely to cause significant harm. Most patients with smaller fibroids won’t experience noticeable symptoms, but they can cause issues depending on their location.

Medium Fibroids

Size: Around 5-10 cm (approximately the size of a golf ball to a grapefruit)

Health Risks: Medium-sized fibroids may start to cause mild symptoms such as irregular bleeding and pelvic pain. While these are still very manageable, they may pose potential health risks to pregnancy and fertility if not properly treated.

Large Fibroids

Size: 10 cm or more (comparable to a grapefruit or as large as a watermelon)

Health Risks: Large fibroids are more likely to cause potentially serious health risks. Depending on the exact size, these fibroids can put significant pressure on surrounding organs and nerves, leading to chronic pain which makes it difficult for doctors to remove. 

What Affects Fibroid Size?

Several factors influence the development and growth of uterine fibroids. This tends to vary from person to person, but a general idea of key factors that influence uterine fibroids include:

• Hormones: Elevated levels of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone have been shown to contribute to the enlargement of fibroids.
• Genetics: Your genes can also influence the growth of uterine fibroids, as individuals with a family history of fibroids are more susceptible to developing them.
• Diet: An imbalanced diet can also cause fibroid growth, as your diet can directly influence your hormonal balance.
• Vitamin D deficiency: Vitamin D has been proven to regulate cell growth and reduce inflammation which is important for maintaining uterine health. Therefore, a vitamin D deficiency will increase your chances of development. 
• Lifestyle factors: Factors such as obesity, regular alcohol consumption, smoking, and high blood pressure can affect your overall health and hormonal balance.

What Size Fibroids Need to be Removed? 

Fibroids 10 cm or larger are considered dangerous as they exert more pressure on surrounding organs and nerves, resulting in more severe pain. However, doctors might recommend removing fibroids larger than 5-6 cm (about 2-2.4 inches), especially if they are affecting your fertility, rapidly growing, or causing symptoms. 

Persistent or worsening symptoms over time also indicate that the size of your fibroid has grown and might need to be removed. You should seek medical attention if you’re experiencing any of the following symptoms. 

• Heavy menstrual bleeding
• Pelvic pain
• Pressure on the bladder 
• Severe menstrual cramping 

What Happens If Large Fibroids Go Untreated? 

If large fibroids are not treated, they can continue to grow in size and number. As these fibroids take over the uterus, the symptoms will worsen, with increased fibroid pain, heavier bleeding, and possibly severe cramping. Fibroids become dangerous when they continue to develop and remain untreated.

What is the Best Way to Remove Fibroids? 

At American Fibroid Centers, we recommend uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) as a preferred method for removing uterine fibroids. UFE is a minimally invasive, image-guided procedure that does not require surgery. It involves injecting small particles into the arteries that supply uterine fibroids, thereby blocking blood supply to make them shrink in size. Although there are several ways to remove uterine fibroids, UFE has several advantages over other procedures. It does not require a hospital stay, has fewer risks and complications, has a quicker recovery time, significantly reduces or eliminates fibroid symptoms, and keeps the uterus intact, unlike a hysterectomy.

Expert Fibroid Treatment at American Fibroid Centers

American Fibroid Centers provides convenient access to top-tier care with locations across NY and NJ. Our approach blends the expertise of our specialists, state-of-the-art technology, and compassionate care to provide effective and comfortable treatment for women with uterine fibroids, including UFE. If you’re experiencing pain or discomfort from fibroids, we strongly encourage you to schedule an appointment and begin your journey toward better health today!